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Configuring OSPF Stub and Totally Stub Area

2007-07-24

Objective

  • configure ospf stub area (filter type 5 LSA E1 and E2 from populating stub area's router routing table)
  • configure ospf totally stub area (cisco propietary, filter type 5 LSA, type 3 IA O, and type 4 IA O from populating stub area's router routing table)
  • area 2 is a stub area. Capetown should have least routing table entry.

Topology

ospf stub and totally stub

Configs


Usual ConfigsSanJose1:

SanJose1:

SanJose1#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 1244 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SanJose1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$LDb6$zEg.92Fgad6druYY83bUE0
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
!
interface Loopback0 (simulate internal network on SanJose1)
ip address 192.168.64.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 192.168.80.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback2
ip address 192.168.96.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback3
ip address 192.168.112.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback5
ip address 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.252
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex half
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
redistribute static (static routes redistribution using E2 type 5 LSA)
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.64.0 0.0.63.255 area 1
default-information originate
!
ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 Null0 (simulate ISP connection)
no ip https server
no ip https secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
!
!
end

SanJose1#
SanJose3:

SanJose3#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 1783 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SanJose3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$aHy.$gyYsVc6zVpucwrv99x296/
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.208.1 255.255.255.252
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/4
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/5
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/6
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/7
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.208.0 0.0.0.3 area 2
!
no ip https server
no ip https secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
!
!
end

SanJose3#
Capetown:

Capetown#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 1711 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Capetown
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$FoDT$Gc/68u.1hX6wJWX66t/j2/
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.220.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.216.1 255.255.255.0
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.208.2 255.255.255.252
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/4
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/5
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/6
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/7
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
network 192.168.208.0 0.0.0.3 area 2
!
no ip https server
no ip https secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 0 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
!
!
end

Capetown#

Capetown# result:

Capetown#sh ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.208.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.208.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
192.168.64.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.64.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
192.168.80.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.80.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
O E2 10.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
192.168.96.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.96.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
192.168.112.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.112.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
C 192.168.220.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:48, Serial1/0
192.168.3.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.3.1 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:06:49, Serial1/0
  • O IA denotes LSA type 3 or type 4 Inter Area route summary, not filtered.
  • O E2 denotes LSA type 5 external route summary, not filtered.
  • So, Capetown's routing table is full, not efficient for a stub area router. We need to filter type 3 or 4 LSA using stub configuration. More efficiently, we also need to filter type 5 LSA using totally stubby configuration (cisco propietary)
  • gateway of last resort is not set.

Stub Configs:

SanJose3:

just add these lines to make area 2 a stub area.

SanJose3:

SanJose3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
SanJose3(config)#router ospf 1
SanJose3(config-router)#area 2 stub

Capetown:

Capetown#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Capetown(config)#router ospf 1
Capetown(config-router)#area 2 stub

Result:

Capetown(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.208.1 to network 0.0.0.0

192.168.208.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.208.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
192.168.64.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.64.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:38, Serial1/0
192.168.80.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.80.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:38, Serial1/0
192.168.96.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.96.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:38, Serial1/0
192.168.112.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.112.1 [110/66] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:38, Serial1/0
C 192.168.220.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:38, Serial1/0
192.168.3.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.3.1 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:40, Serial1/0
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:09:40, Serial1/0
  • No More O E2 routes because type 5 LSAs are filtered.
  • The routing table become a little bit smaller -just a little bit though.
  • gateway of last resort is automatically added.

Totally Stub Configs

to configure area 2 as totally stubby, u have to change the configuration above -only at the ABR, in this case SanJose3 router. While Capetown's config doesn't have to be changed.

SanJose3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
SanJose3(config)#
SanJose3(config)#router ospf 1
SanJose3(config-router)#no area
SanJose3(config-router)#no area 2 stub
SanJose3(config-router)#are
SanJose3(config-router)#area
SanJose3(config-router)#area 2 stu
SanJose3(config-router)#area 2 stub no
SanJose3(config-router)#area 2 stub no-summary

Result:

Capetown(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area
N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2
i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2
ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static route
o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.208.1 to network 0.0.0.0

C 192.168.208.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 192.168.220.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 192.168.208.1, 00:01:05, Serial1/0
  • No more type 5 LSA (E1 or E2) route summary.
  • No more type 3 or 4 LSA (O IA) route summary.
  • Now, the routing table is definitely small.
  • gateway of last resort is automatically added.

Summary

  • for stub networks router, it is better to keep the routing table small. use stub or totally stub area.
  • stub configuration applied on both interface of an areas link. stub configuration filter type 5 LSA (E1 or E2) from populating stub networks router routing table. gateway of last resort automatically added by the ABR.
  • totally stub configuration applied only at the ASBRs interface. stub configuration filter type 5 (E1 or E2), type 3 and type 4 LSA (O IA) from populating stub networks router routing table. gateway of last resort automatically added by the ABR.
  • The problem is : network 192.168.220.1 and 192.168.216.1 (both on router Capetown) can not be accessed from SanJose1 and SanJose3 (those networks injected to the OSPF AS using type 5 LSA -remember type 5 LSAs are filtered on stub area). I believe, this will be solved by NSSA configuration.